Alwaght-Iraq's developments are reached to a new level after different Shiite groups' agreement upon Iraq's new prime minister. Haider Al-Abadi's appointment as Iraq's prime minister, Iraqi politician and spokesman for the Islamic Dawa Party that is led by Nouri al-Maliki, in a domestic process proved that Iraq's political system is able to solve the most critical problems in the shortest time possible and without foreign interference, while enemies of Iraq believed that Baghdad is incapable of ending domestic challenges on Iraq's prime minister through a democratic and convergent process. This paper will analytically examine different facets of this issue in five following parts.
1. According to Iraq's constitutional law, the major electoral faction introduces its candidate for the role of prime minister to the president in order to form the government. The president is obliged to introduce the one proposed for premiership to the parliament. There were two interpretations of the "major electoral faction". According to one interpretation, the prime minister is chosen from the faction that has gained the most seats of 328-member parliament. While, based on the second interpretation, the prime minister is chosen from the faction that has gained the majority of the seats after the formation of the parliament. The second interpretation was chosen by Iraq's constitution court four years ago. According to this interpretation, Shiite's Coalition faction which had won 168 seats in parliament, chose the prime minister, Nouri al-Maliki, from among a Shiite group, Dawa Party, that has gained the most seats, 91 seats, comparing to other Shiite groups and introduced him to then president, Jalal Talabani.
In the recent period, Shiites won 200 seats of the parliament in which State of Law Coalition that is consisted of parties such as Dawa Party, Badr Organization, and individual MPs, gained 105 seats. This faction on the one hand is the largest group of MPs before the formation of the parliament, on the other hand is the largest group among Shiite's parliamentary groups, so they had the right to choose the prime minister, but there is another article in the constitution which is contradictory to this right. Other Shiite factions that had agreed on Nouri al-Maliki in the last course changed their mind about his premiership and asked for the appointment of a new prime minister. They believed that prime minister's appointment is a fortune for creating new opportunities and diffusing plots of Iraq's enemies which they considered impossible with Nouri al-Maliki.
2. Shiites who have won the 61 percent of parliamentary seats have finally decided to choose prime minister from the biggest Shiite group, State of Law and Dawa Party, a person other that Maleki, after weeks of negotiation, in order to both observe the aforementioned law and to pave the way for the formation of a government that is able to revitalize Iraq and overcome the problems. To achieve this goal, al-Maliki's cooperation was needed. State of Law Coalition accepted to observe the major faction law and declared that it is ready to cooperate with other Shiite groups to form major faction. As the result, a 120-member major faction was founded that introduced Haider al-Abadi, a significant figure of Dawa Party, to President Fuad Masum, and he introduced Masum to the parliament for the formation of government that was accepted by Maleki, after a two-day delay.
3. The appointment of Haider al-Abadi in a period a little more than two months after parliamentary election is an important success. Many political analysts, considering Iraq's record in choosing prime minister and its current condition, believed that appointing a prime minister is not plausible in the near future, but Shiite groups demonstrated that there is such a unity among them that they can overcome crises and problems together with Sunnis and Kurds without any foreign meddling.
4. Studying positions taken by America, Britain, Saudi, Turkey and some domestic Iraqi groups, it is as clear as crystal that there were schemes to distort political order of Iraq and replace anarchism instead before holding parliamentary election in order to serve their own illegal interests. They paid billions of dollars to engineer the election and did their best to use media and psychological war to appoint their own puppet figures which led to nowhere. The same hands tried to gain what they failed to reach through peaceful approaches, via imposing terrorism upon Iraqi people, they meant to occupy Baghdad and put an end to the existing system, but the foreign-made security anarchism however occupied most of Sunni provinces, failed to dominate the capital and expanding crisis to other regions.
5. Nouri al-Maliki played a significant, honorable, and unforgettable role in Iraq's contemporary history. He has accomplished great tasks during his eight-year term such as:
A) Expulsion of American and British occupiers from Iraqi soil despite their reluctance to leave an Islamic country with a strategic position, but they were forced to withdraw from Iraq as the result of Iraqi figures', particularly Maleki's resistance.
B) Maliki's effective assistance to Syria to overcome security crisis and to defeat international terrorism.
C) Eliminating the terrorist group of Monafiqeen from Camp Ashraf in Iraq, despite America's pressure.
D) Revitalizing Iraq's new political structure and increasing political participation of Iraqi people.
E) Fighting against groups and figures, supporting terrorism, such as Tariq al-Hashimi.
F) Insisting on Saddam's execution despite America, British, and Saudi's opposition.
